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以下， 已下， いか， いげ

1. not exceeding ..., not more than ..., ... and under, ... and below, ... or fewer 2. below (a standard, level, etc.), under, beneath, less than 3. the following, the below-mentioned, the rest, followed by ... 4. including ..., ... and other (employ...

不超过，低于，少于；低于(标准)；以下，下面，接着

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説明， せつめい

1. explanation, exposition, description, account, caption, legend

说明

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多く， おおく

1. many, much, plenty, a lot 2. majority (of), greater part (of) 3. mostly, mainly, chiefly, usually, often

多，很多；多数；主要，通常，常常

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異なる， 異る， ことなる

1. to differ, to be different, to disagree, to vary, to diverge

不同于，不同的，有分歧的，有所变化

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理論， りろん

1. theory

tbd

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を

1. indicates direct object of action 2. indicates subject of causative expression 3. indicates an area traversed 4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place 5. indicates point of departure or separation of action 6. indicates object of d...

表示动作的直接对象；表示经过的场所；表示离开或分开的点

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比較的， ひかくてき

1. comparatively, relatively

相比之下，相对而言

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対照， たいしょう

1. contrast, antithesis, comparison

tbd

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ことによって， 事によって

1. via, through, by doing, by means of, using

tbd

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ものである

1. is something that, is that which

tbd

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の

1. indicates possessive 2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives 3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases 4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion 5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis 6. (at sentence-end, risi...

句尾起强调作用；助词，表示所有关系

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は

1. indicates sentence topic 2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated) 3. adds emphasis

指示句子的主题

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する， 為る

1. to do, to carry out, to perform 2. to cause to become, to make (into), to turn (into) 3. to serve as, to act as, to work as 4. to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) 5. to judge as being, to view as being, to think of as, to treat as, to use...

做，作，干，执行

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