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挨拶， あいさつ

1. greeting, greetings, salutation, salute, polite set phrase used when meeting or parting from someone 2. speech (congratulatory or appreciative), address 3. reply, response 4. courtesy visit (to offer condolences, say congratulations, pay respect, ...

问候语，问候，致意，致敬，见面或分别时使用的礼貌固定用语；演讲(祝贺性或感谢性)，致辞；礼节性拜访(表示哀悼、致以祝贺、表达敬意、自我介绍等)

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礼儀作法， れいぎさほう

1. etiquette, courtesy

tbd

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である

1. be, is

是、=です、=だ

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は

1. indicates sentence topic 2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated) 3. adds emphasis

指示句子的主题

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の

1. indicates possessive 2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives 3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases 4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion 5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis 6. (at sentence-end, risi...

句尾起强调作用；助词，表示所有关系

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