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川， 河， かわ， がわ

1. river, stream 2. River, the ... river

河流，溪流；……河

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を

1. indicates direct object of action 2. indicates subject of causative expression 3. indicates an area traversed 4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place 5. indicates point of departure or separation of action 6. indicates object of d...

表示动作的直接对象；表示经过的场所；表示离开或分开的点

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さかのぼる， 遡る， 溯る， 逆上る， 泝る

1. to go upstream, to go up (a river) 2. to go back (to the past or origin), to date back (to), to trace back (to), to be retroactive (to)

(沿河流)上溯；回溯(历史等)

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一度， １度， 一たび， ひと度， 一とたび， いちど， ひとたび

1. once, one time, on one occasion 2. temporarily, for a moment 3. one degree, one tone, one musical interval

一次，就那么一次；暂时地，片刻间；一度，一个音程

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ある， 有る， 在る

1. to be, to exist, to live 2. to have 3. to be located 4. to be equipped with 5. to happen, to come about

有，存在；有，拥有；发生；位于；配备

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こと， 事， 縡

1. thing, matter 2. incident, occurrence, event, something serious, trouble, crisis 3. circumstances, situation, state of affairs 4. work, business, affair 5. after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not ...

tbd

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が

1. indicates the subject of a sentence 2. indicates possession 3. but, however, (and) yet, though, although, while 4. and 5. used after an introductory remark or explanation 6. regardless of ..., whether ... (or not), no matter ... 7. indicates a des...

tbd

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