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少年， しょうねん

1. boy 2. juvenile, child

男孩；少年；儿童

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父親， ちちおや， てておや

1. father

父亲

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肩， かた

1. shoulder

肩膀

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座る， 据わる， 坐る， 据る， すわる

1. to sit, to squat 2. to assume (a position) 3. to hold steady, to hold still

坐、坐下，蹲下；担任（职位）；保持稳定，保持静止

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は

1. indicates sentence topic 2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated) 3. adds emphasis

指示句子的主题

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の

1. indicates possessive 2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives 3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases 4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion 5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis 6. (at sentence-end, risi...

句尾起强调作用；助词，表示所有关系

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に

1. at (place, time), in, on, during 2. to (direction, state), toward, into 3. for (purpose) 4. because of (reason), for, with 5. by, from 6. as (i.e. in the role of) 7. per, in, for, a (e.g. "once a month") 8. and, in addition to 9. if, although

tbd

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