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霜， しも

1. frost 2. white hair, grey hair, gray hair

霜；白发，灰发，灰白发

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農作物， のうさくぶつ， のうさくもつ

1. crops, agricultural produce

tbd

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悪影響を及ぼす， あくえいきょうをおよぼす

1. to affect adversely, to have a negative influence (on)

tbd

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は

1. indicates sentence topic 2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated) 3. adds emphasis

指示句子的主题

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に

1. at (place, time), in, on, during 2. to (direction, state), toward, into 3. for (purpose) 4. because of (reason), for, with 5. by, from 6. as (i.e. in the role of) 7. per, in, for, a (e.g. "once a month") 8. and, in addition to 9. if, although

tbd

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