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問題， もんだい

1. question (e.g. on a test), problem 2. problem (e.g. societal, political), question, issue, subject (e.g. of research), case, matter 3. question (i.e. doubt) 4. public discussion, controversy 5. trouble, problem, inconvenience, difficulty

问题（例如在考试中），难题；麻烦、问题、不便、困难；问题（如社会性、政治性问题）、疑问、议题、课题（如研究课题）、案例、事项；疑问；公开讨论，争议

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いかに， 如何に

1. how, in what way 2. how (much), to what extent 3. however (much), no matter how 4. hey, oi

如何，以何种方式；多少，到什么程度；然而（无论多少），无论如何

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核戦争， かくせんそう

1. nuclear warfare

tbd

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を

1. indicates direct object of action 2. indicates subject of causative expression 3. indicates an area traversed 4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place 5. indicates point of departure or separation of action 6. indicates object of d...

表示动作的直接对象；表示经过的场所；表示离开或分开的点

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避ける， 除ける， さける， よける

1. to avoid (physical contact with) 2. to avoid (situation), to evade (question, subject), to shirk (one's responsibilities) 3. to ward off, to avert 4. to put aside, to move out of the way

避免（身体接触）；避免（某种情况），回避（问题、话题），推卸（责任）；抵御，避免；搁置，移开

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である

1. be, is

是、=です、=だ

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は

1. indicates sentence topic 2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated) 3. adds emphasis

指示句子的主题

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が

1. indicates the subject of a sentence 2. indicates possession 3. but, however, (and) yet, though, although, while 4. and 5. used after an introductory remark or explanation 6. regardless of ..., whether ... (or not), no matter ... 7. indicates a des...

tbd

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