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今年， ことし， こんねん

1. this year

今年

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冬， ふゆ

1. winter

冬，冬天

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気温， きおん

1. (air) temperature

气温

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平均， へいきん， へいぎん

1. average, mean 2. balance, equilibrium

平均

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以上， 已上， いじょう

1. not less than ..., ... and over, ... and above, ... and upwards, ... or more 2. beyond (e.g. one's expectations), above, more than, further than 3. the above, the above-mentioned, the aforementioned, the foregoing 4. since ..., seeing that ..., no...

至少，以上；超出；前述，上述(用于一段话的结束)；结束，终(用于文章、条文结尾)；既然；就这样(用于活动或讲话结束)

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の

1. indicates possessive 2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives 3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases 4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion 5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis 6. (at sentence-end, risi...

句尾起强调作用；助词，表示所有关系

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は

1. indicates sentence topic 2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated) 3. adds emphasis

指示句子的主题

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が

1. indicates the subject of a sentence 2. indicates possession 3. but, however, (and) yet, though, although, while 4. and 5. used after an introductory remark or explanation 6. regardless of ..., whether ... (or not), no matter ... 7. indicates a des...

tbd

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だ

1. be, is

断定助动词，是，是也

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