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光， ひかり

1. light 2. illumination, ray, beam, gleam, glow 3. happiness, hope 4. influence, power 5. vision, eyesight 6. optical fiber, optical fibre

光；照明、光线、光束、闪光、辉光；幸福、希望；光纤、光导纤维；视觉、视力

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種類， しゅるい

1. variety, kind, type, category 2. counter for kinds, species, etc.

种类；数量词

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物質， ぶっしつ

1. material, substance 2. matter

物质

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を

1. indicates direct object of action 2. indicates subject of causative expression 3. indicates an area traversed 4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place 5. indicates point of departure or separation of action 6. indicates object of d...

表示动作的直接对象；表示经过的场所；表示离开或分开的点

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通る， 徹る， 透る， とおる

1. to go by, to go past, to go along, to travel along, to pass through, to use (a road), to take (a route), to go via, to go by way of 2. to run (between; of a rail service, bus route, etc.), to operate (between), to connect 3. to go indoors, to go i...

经过、沿着、沿途穿过、使用(道路)、途经、经过；通过(铁路服务、公交线路等区间)；连接；进屋，进入房间，被允许进入，被带入，被引导进入，进来

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の

1. indicates possessive 2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives 3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases 4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion 5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis 6. (at sentence-end, risi...

句尾起强调作用；助词，表示所有关系

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は

1. indicates sentence topic 2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated) 3. adds emphasis

指示句子的主题

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中， なか

1. inside, interior 2. among, within 3. middle, center, centre 4. during, while, middle, midst, amid 5. interval, gap 6. mean, average 7. second (of three, e.g. sons, volumes), middle 8. medium grade, medium quality 9. red-light district

内，内部；中，其中；中，中心；当……，……时，……期间；中等

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