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母親， ははおや

1. mother

母亲

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子供， 子ども， こども

1. child, children

儿童，小孩

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を

1. indicates direct object of action 2. indicates subject of causative expression 3. indicates an area traversed 4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place 5. indicates point of departure or separation of action 6. indicates object of d...

表示动作的直接对象；表示经过的场所；表示离开或分开的点

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虫歯， むし歯， 齲歯， むしば

1. tooth decay, cavity, decayed tooth, dental caries

蛀牙，龋洞，龋齿

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守る， 護る， 戍る， まもる

1. to protect, to guard, to defend 2. to keep (i.e. a promise), to abide (by the rules), to observe, to obey, to follow

保护，守护；遵守，信守

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やる， 遣る， 行る

1. to do, to undertake, to perform, to play (a game), to study 2. to send, to dispatch, to despatch 3. to put, to move, to turn (one's head, glance, etc.) 4. to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status), to let have, to present, to bestow, to c...

做，承担，比赛，学习

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は

1. indicates sentence topic 2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated) 3. adds emphasis

指示句子的主题

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の

1. indicates possessive 2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives 3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases 4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion 5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis 6. (at sentence-end, risi...

句尾起强调作用；助词，表示所有关系

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から

1. from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity), since 2. from (originator), by 3. because, since 4. out of (constituent, part) 5. through (e.g. window, vestibule) 6. after, since 7. expresses sympathy or warning

从，自……；因为；被，用于……

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