1. indicates direct object of action
2. indicates subject of causative expression
3. indicates an area traversed
4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
6. indicates object of d...
1. to receive, to get
2. to catch (e.g. a ball)
3. to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.)
4. to sustain (damage), to incur (a loss), to suffer (an injury), to feel (influence)
5. to undergo (e.g. surgery), to take (a test), to accept (a challe...
1. to read
2. to recite (e.g. a sutra), to chant
3. to predict, to guess, to forecast, to read (someone's thoughts), to see (e.g. into someone's heart), to divine
4. to pronounce, to read (e.g. a kanji)
5. to decipher, to read (a meter, graph, music,...
1. in front (of), before (e.g. a building)
2. before, earlier, previously, prior, ago, (minutes) to (the hour)
3. (the) front, frontal part, fore, head (e.g. of a line)
4. forward, ahead
5. (in the) presence (of), in front (of someone)
6. previous (e...
1. at (place, time), in, on, during
2. to (direction, state), toward, into
3. for (purpose)
4. because of (reason), for, with
5. by, from
6. as (i.e. in the role of)
7. per, in, for, a (e.g. "once a month")
8. and, in addition to
9. if, although