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しかし， 然し， 併し

1. however, but

尽管如此，但是

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物々交換， 物物交換， ぶつぶつこうかん

1. bartering

物物交换，易货

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制， せい

1. system, organization, organisation, imperial command, laws, regulation, control, government, suppression, restraint, holding back, establishment

tbd

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要求， ようきゅう

1. demand, firm request, requisition, requirement, desire

要求

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一致， いっち

1. agreement, accord, correspondence, consistency, coincidence 2. union, unity, cooperation

同意，对应，一致，巧合；联合、团结、合作

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である

1. be, is

是、=です、=だ

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ので， んで

1. that being the case, because of ..., the reason is ..., given that ...

鉴于这种情况：用于引出一个逻辑推理或结论，表示基于前面所述的情况或条件，因此可以得出这样的结论；由于……，所以，原因在于……，鉴于……

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非常に， ひじょうに

1. very, extremely, exceedingly

tbd

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不満足， ふまんぞく

1. dissatisfaction, discontent, displeasure

tbd

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制度， せいど

1. system, institution, organization, organisation

制度

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は

1. indicates sentence topic 2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated) 3. adds emphasis

指示句子的主题

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の

1. indicates possessive 2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives 3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases 4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion 5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis 6. (at sentence-end, risi...

句尾起强调作用；助词，表示所有关系

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が

1. indicates the subject of a sentence 2. indicates possession 3. but, however, (and) yet, though, although, while 4. and 5. used after an introductory remark or explanation 6. regardless of ..., whether ... (or not), no matter ... 7. indicates a des...

tbd

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する， 為る

1. to do, to carry out, to perform 2. to cause to become, to make (into), to turn (into) 3. to serve as, to act as, to work as 4. to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) 5. to judge as being, to view as being, to think of as, to treat as, to use...

做，作，干，执行

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こと， 事， 縡

1. thing, matter 2. incident, occurrence, event, something serious, trouble, crisis 3. circumstances, situation, state of affairs 4. work, business, affair 5. after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not ...

tbd

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