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過酷， 苛酷， かこく

1. severe, harsh, hard, cruel, rigorous

严酷的，苛刻的，艰苦的，残忍的，严厉的

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価格競争， かかくきょうそう

1. price competition

tbd

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我々， 吾々， 我我， 吾吾， われわれ

1. we

我们

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を

1. indicates direct object of action 2. indicates subject of causative expression 3. indicates an area traversed 4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place 5. indicates point of departure or separation of action 6. indicates object of d...

表示动作的直接对象；表示经过的场所；表示离开或分开的点

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けしかける， 嗾ける

1. to instigate, to incite, to spur on, to set (e.g. a dog after someone)

tbd

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戦う， 闘う， たたかう

1. to make war (on), to wage war (against), to go to war (with), to fight (with), to do battle (against) 2. to compete (against) 3. to struggle (against adversities, etc.), to fight, to contend, to resist

对……宣战，对……发动战争，与……开战，与……交战，与……作战；竞争（与...对抗）；抗争（逆境等），战斗，争斗，抵抗

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漁夫， 漁父， ぎょふ

1. fisherman

tbd

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利， り

1. advantage, benefit, profit, interest

tbd

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の

1. indicates possessive 2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives 3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases 4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion 5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis 6. (at sentence-end, risi...

句尾起强调作用；助词，表示所有关系

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中， なか

1. inside, interior 2. among, within 3. middle, center, centre 4. during, while, middle, midst, amid 5. interval, gap 6. mean, average 7. second (of three, e.g. sons, volumes), middle 8. medium grade, medium quality 9. red-light district

内，内部；中，其中；中，中心；当……，……时，……期间；中等

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で

1. at, in 2. at, when 3. by, with 4. within, in 5. and then, so 6. and, then 7. let me tell you, don't you know

表示范围

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は

1. indicates sentence topic 2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated) 3. adds emphasis

指示句子的主题

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と

1. if, when 2. and 3. with 4. used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.) 5. promoted pawn 6. indicates a question

表示引用

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とする

1. to try to ..., to be about to do ... 2. to decide to ... 3. to take as, to treat as, to regard as 4. to use for 5. to suppose that (such) is the case, to assume 6. to decide that, to think that 7. to make into, to change into 8. to feel (e.g. afte...

作为，对待；作为，认为；用作；试图……，打算……

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